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		| Paper: | 
		Evolved Stars with Complex Atmospheres – the High Spectral Resolution, mid-IR View | 
	 
	
		| Volume: | 
		497, Why Galaxies Care about AGB Stars III: A Closer Look in Space and Time | 
	 
	
		| Page: | 
		67 | 
	 
	
		| Authors: | 
		Ryde, N.; Lambert, J.; Richter, M. J.; Josselin, E.; Harper, G. M.; Eriksson, K.; Boogert, A.; DeWitt, C.; Encrenaz, T.; Greathouse, T.; Jaffe, D.; Kulas, K.; McKelvey, M.; Najita, J.; Vacca, W. | 
	 
	
	
		| Abstract: | 
		The physical structures of the outer atmospheres of red giants are not  known. They are certainly complex, and a range of recent observations  are showing that we need to embrace non-classical model atmospheres   to interpret these regions. This region's properties are of importance,  not the least for an understanding of the mass-loss mechanism for  these stars. Here we present  observational constraints on the outer regions of red giants, based  on mid-IR, high spectral resolution spectra. We also discuss possible  non-LTE effects and highlight a new non-LTE code that will be used to  analyse the spectra of these atmospheric layers. We conclude by  mentioning our new SOFIA/EXES observations of red giants at 6 μm,  where the vibration-rotation lines of water vapour can be detected  and spectrally resolved for the first time. | 
	 
	
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