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		| Paper: | 
		Toward a 3D Kinetic Model of the Solar Wind | 
	 
	
		| Volume: | 
		484, Outstanding Problems in Heliophysics: From Coronal Heating to the Edge of the Heliosphere | 
	 
	
		| Page: | 
		168 | 
	 
	
		| Authors: | 
		Pierrard, V.; Pieters, M. | 
	 
	
	
		| Abstract: | 
		The kinetic approach is used to develop a three-dimensional model of the solar wind. As a first approximation, we consider an exospheric model taking into account the effects of the external forces (gravitational and electromagnetic) in a magnetic field decreasing as r–2 where r is the radial distance. The rotation of the Sun deforms the solar streams into the Parker's spiral shape. Using typical solar observations in the solar corona or at 1 AU as boundary conditions, we determine the solar wind characteristics in the meridian and the ecliptic plane from the solar corona to larger distances. | 
	 
	
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