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		| Paper: | 
		The Varieties of Universal Expansion: Eddington and 
 the Complexities of Early Cosmology | 
	 
	
		| Volume: | 
		471, Origins of the Expanding Universe: 1912-1932 | 
	 
	
		| Page: | 
		39 | 
	 
	
		| Authors: | 
		Stanley, M. | 
	 
	
	
		| Abstract: | 
		A.S. Eddington was one of the handful of astronomers 
 conversant with the many observational and theoretical factors at play in 
 early 20th-century cosmology.  Early relativistic cosmology touched on 
 deep issues in several fields, and these diverse disciplinary requirements 
 gave rise to a great deal of confusion about precisely what “expansion” 
 meant and what implications that had for the construction of cosmological 
 models.  Eddington's efforts to resolve these difficulties help show the 
 profound technical, conceptual, and philosophical difficulties that attended 
 early ideas regarding an expanding universe. | 
	 
	
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