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| Paper: |
Nucleosynthesis in Hypernovae and Faint Supernovae and Abundance Patterns of Extremely Metal-Poor Stars |
| Volume: |
458, Galactic Archaeology: Near-Field Cosmology and the Formation of the Milky Way |
| Page: |
3 |
| Authors: |
Nomoto, K. |
| Abstract: |
With the Subaru telescope, we have been revealing several new
properties of various types of supernovae (SNe). Here we report on
the properties and nucleosynthesis of the two distinct new classes of
massive SNe: 1) very energetic Hypernovae, whose kinetic energy (KE)
is more than 10 times the KE of normal core-collapse SNe, and 2) very
faint and low energy SNe (Faint SNe). These two new classes of SNe
are likely to be “black-hole-forming” SNe with rotating or
non-rotating black holes. Nucleosynthesis in Hypernovae is
characterized by larger abundance ratios (Zn,Co,V,Ti)/Fe and smaller
(Mn,Cr)/Fe than normal SNe, which can explain the observed trends of
these ratios in extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars. Nucleosynthesis in
Faint SNe is characterized by a large amount of fall-back, which
explains the abundance pattern of the most Fe-poor stars. These
comparisons suggest that black-hole-forming SNe made important
contributions to the early Galactic (and cosmic) chemical evolution.
We discuss how nucleosynthetic properties resulted from such unusual
supernovae are connected with the unusual abundance patterns of
extremely metal-poor stars. Such connections may provide important
constraints on the properties of first stars. |
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