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		| Paper: | 
		Galaxy Down-Sizing: A Tough Challenge for the Hierarchical Universe? | 
	 
	
		| Volume: | 
		399, Panoramic Views of Galaxy Formation and Evolution | 
	 
	
		| Page: | 
		139 | 
	 
	
		| Authors: | 
		Bower, R.G. | 
	 
	
	
		| Abstract: | 
		Observartional astronomers, claim that the visible universe is defined by galaxy ”down-sizing”, and that the formation of galaxies is ”anti-hierarchical”. At first sight, this seems to contradict the ”heirarchical” formation of structure that is a key component of the ΛCDM paradigm. In this talk I will briefly review what these terms mean and why there has historically been such conflict between observational and theoretical views of the universe. I will discuss how this paradox has evaporated in recent galaxy formation models, largely due to the regulation of galaxy formation by ”radio-mode” accretion onto black-holes. | 
	 
	
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