Paper:	Turbulence Effects at Small Scales
Volume:	365, SINS — Small Ionized and Neutral Structures in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium
Page:	139
Authors:	Beresnyak, A.; Lazarian, A.
Abstract:	It is most natural to assume that mysterious Small Ionized and Neutral Structures (SINS) in diffuse ISM arise from turbulence. There are two obvious problems with such an explanation, however. First of all, it is generally believed that at the small scales turbulence should be damped. Second, turbulence with Kolmogorov spectrum cannot be the responsible for the SINS. However, we consider effects that provide a spectral index flatter than the Kolmogorov one and allow action at very small scales. These are the shocks that arise in high Mach number turbulence and transfer of energy to small scales by instabilities in cosmic rays. Our examples indicate that the origin of SINS may be discovered through systematic studies of astrophysical turbulence.

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